Welcome to SUAIRE
Sokoine University of Agriculture Institutional Repository (SUA IR). This repository was built and is maintained by the university library (Sokoine National Agricultural Library-SNAL) , in order to collect, preserve and disseminate scholarly output generated by University research community (staff and students) members.
This repository hosts a variety of openly accessible materials including: scholarly articles and books, theses and dissertations, conference proceedings and technical reports. For assistance about depositing your research output in the repository click here. SUA IR Policy click here or any queries contact us at snal@sua.ac.tz.
Communities in SUAIRE
Select a community to browse its collections.
- The Agroforesty Community is a collaborative network dedicated to advancing sustainable land-use practices that integrate trees, crops, and livestock. It serves as a platform for knowledge exchange, research dissemination, and practical innovations in Agroforestry. By fostering connections among researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and local communities, the Agroforestry Community promotes environmental conservation, enhanced agricultural productivity, and resilient livelihoods.
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Recent Submissions
The nature and socio - economic impacts of road accidents in Morogoro municipality, Tanzania
(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2006) NSELU, JONAS OBADIA
Road accidents have been seen as a major source of deaths and injuries among road users
in Tanzania. Following these road accidents many Tanzanians have lost their lives, some
got permanent disabilities and some lost their valuable property. The government has
been incurring a lot of resources in treating injured persons out of these accidents. The
main objective of this research was to find the nature and socio - economic impacts of
road accidents to road users. The findings indicate that there are various causes of road
accidents among them are human factors, defectiveness of the motor vehicles and poor
roads. Drivers and other road users have been not obeying the road laws and regulations
which are the basic tool for road safety in Tanzania. The provided statistics show how
seriously the issue of road accidents in Tanzania is.
Apart from these losses, there is
another immeasurable loss which is the loss of human life. The most affected group is the
group of passengers and pedestrians followed by bicyclists, drivers, motorcyclists and
lastly push cart operators. Road accidents which involve buses i.e. (passengers cars) are
the most dangerous, because there is a high possibility of killing and injuring a big number
of people compared to non-passenger vehicles. Following the impacts or the problem of
road accidents in Tanzania, the government through the National Road Safety Council of
Tanzania (NRSCT), the Police Force (PF) and other non-governmental organizations have
been taking various measures to curb the problem. So far the awareness of road traffic
laws and regulations through education to road users has shown a positive role towards the
problem. That all governmental, non-governmental organizations and the individuals
should participate fully in fighting against road accidents.
Prediction of modified class a pan evaporation using radiation, temperature and wind speed data
(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 1993) Luhanga, Joseph
A simple evaporation model relating pan evaporation (Ep) to shortwave solar
radiation (RJ, mean daily temperature (T) and wind speed (W) developed for
different climatic conditions was calibrated for the Malawi conditions. The objectives
of the study were to examine the possibility of using the model to estimate pan
evaporation where such data are missing either because no such readings are
recorded or a very short record is available whose extension is sort for various
purposes. The model was also examined for use in areas where no shortwave solar
radiation is measured and also for the possibility of using the model to estimate
reference evapotranspiration (ETO) for such areas.
Three stations, Bvumbwe, Chitedze and Ngabu were used in this study. The stations
represent different climatic conditions within Malawi. Five-day averages of pan
evaporation, shortwave radiation, mean daily temperature and wind speed were
computed from data collected by the Meteorological Department between 1985 and
1988 inclusive. Data for 1985 and 1986 were used to calibrate the models and the
rest were used for validation. A statistical software package (MSTATC) was used
to calibrate the models using regression techniques while a climate version of
INSTANT package was used for computing Rs and ETO by the modified Penman
equation as presented by Doorenbos and Pruitt (1977). The models calibrated from
measured Rs were found to be adequate for the three stations used in the study. All
the models estimated pan evaporation to within 6%. Models developed from R, computed from tables were found to be slightly superior to models developed from
measured solar radiation in that the variables included accounted for an average of
75% and 66% of the variability in the response for Ngabu and Chitedze respectively,
as opposed to 74% and 56% for measured R,, despite the fact that only one year of
data was available for their calibration. Correlation coefficients between observed
pan evaporation and computed evaporation were high. High correlation coefficients
(r=95%) were also observed between reference evapotranspiration and evaporation
computed from models derived from tabulated solar radiation indicating that
computed evaporation represents ETO well.
These results indicate that the model is suitable for the Malawian climatic conditions
and can be used to estimate evaporation where no such measurements are made and
also to estimate both missing pan evaporation and ET
The impact of divorce on children’s well-being in Morogoro municipality
(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2013) Msemwa, Sylvester
Divorce creates big challenges for both parents and children as it affects the
children’s well-being. Despite the presence of various literatures on the impact of
divorce on children’s well-being, these impacts were not clearly differentiated in
terms of age, gender and economic status of the household. Therefore, this study was
carried out to examine the impact of divorce on children’s wellbeing in Morogoro
municipality. Specifically, the study assessed the children’s perception of divorce,
examined the impact of divorce on children’s educational performance, assessed the
impact of divorce on children’s food security based on their age, gender and
economic status of the household and identified children’s coping mechanism of
divorce. Purposive sampling was employed to obtain 120 respondents whereby 20
respondents were obtained from the six (6) wards namely Mazimbu, Mji mpya,
Chamwino, Sultan area, Kichangani and Mwembesongo. Data was analysed using
descriptive statistics; test of independence (Chi-square) was used to determine said
descriptive statistics. A Likert scale was also employed to measure children’s
perception on divorce. Variables such as age, gender and economic status of the
respondents were significant at (p < 0.05). Various coping mechanisms for children
affected by divorce in the aspects of educational performance and food security were
identified. Begging from friends and neighbours was the major mechanism for
coping with the impact of divorce. The study recommends that governmental and
non-governmental organizations help children of divorced families especially those
abandoned by their parents. Social welfare departments at district levels should
implement the Child Protection Act of 2010 which assists children to access the rights they deserve. At an educational level, children of divorced parents should be
considered or given attention by the teachers.
The contribution of microfinance on livelihood development of the people living with HIV/AIDS (plwhas) cases of caritas-Dar es salaam
(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2008) Charles, J. S
Proponents of microfinance often state that its primary purpose is to provide
investment capital for micro-enterprise development so that clients can grow their
income and assets, smoothen their consumption, manage their risks better and enjoy
an improved livelihood. A complementary microfinance strategy is to assist clients
to protect their income and assets from the impact of crisis events such as AIDS,
natural disasters or conflict. Tanzania being one of the country found in sub-Saharan
Africa faces a serious AIDS epidemic and the people most at risk - the poor in
general, and poor women in particular - are also target groups for microfinance
initiatives. MFIs in Tanzania cannot ignore the reality of HIV/AIDS given the impact
it does and will continue to have on their clients. This unique characteristic of the
epidemic has been treated as an adverse condition, limiting the households' ability
and willingness to react early. However, with a properly designed policy response.
the 5-7 years between the HlV-infliction and the height of AIDS can be utilized to
reduce the economic vulnerability of the HIV-afflicted households. The primary aim
is to limit the negative coping strategies (reduced food consumption, use of savings
and sale of assets) and to reinforce the positive coping strategies (income
diversification) of the households. This step will potentially avoid economic collapse
of the households due to too much strain in the worst stages of the illness. Financing
the HIV/AIDS inflicted clients via microfinance is the most viable option, as the
informal financial sector is unsustainable and the formal sector is out-of-reach for
this high-risk group. The sustainability of the microfinance programs can be
mitigated by transferring resources from the non-AIDS population in the form of
savings. This research paper attempts to describe ways that microfinance Institutions
(MFIs) in Tanzania can assist their clients to cope with the impact of HIV/AIDS
when struggling to boost their business in the cause of fighting poverty and
improving their livelihood.
Economic potential of selected lesser known and underutilized indigenous agroforestry timber species in Kilosa District in Tanzania
(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2015) Mvanda, Godliva Angelus
The main objective of this study was to determine the economic potential of Lesser
Known (LK) indigenous agroforcstry timber tree species mainly Lonchocarpus capassa,
Lannen schhnperi, Combrelum adenogonium, Psendolanchnostylis maprouneifolia and
Vitex keniensis. Specifically the study aimed al estimating the standing volume of the LK
Indigenous Agroforcstry Timber Species (1AGTS) in farms, determine their economic
value and estimate their profitability for timber production. Structured and semi structured
questionnaires, personal observation, focused group discussion and forest inventory
methods were used in data collection. One hundred and twenty households in four villages
were sampled purposively. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Sosial
Sciences (SPSS) programme version 16 and Microsoft Excel programme. Descriptive
analysis was used to generate frequencies, percentages, sums and means which were used
to discuss the results. Findings indicated that a total of 7247 trees with volume of 1114.3
m3 were obtained in conserved as Lesser Known IAGTS and hardwood woodlots
respectively. The economic value for conserved LK IAGTS and planted hardwood
woodlots per household was 328 900 TZS and 3 180 000 TZS respectively. Profitability'
at 10% discounting factor, NPV were TZS 4 892 453 and TZS 6 161 247, at 22 and 19
years rotation ages for LK IAGTS practices and hardwood woodlots respectively.
Obtained standing volume, total value and average annual income of LK IAGTS in
conserved trees and woodlots increases additional income and serves as off farm income
to households hence improves livelihoods as well as reducing dependence on the reserved
forests. I therefore recommend optimizing production of IAGTS in woodlot at households’
level; hence will improve the conservation of the resources with positive socio-economic
implication to farmers.