Department of Food Science and Agro-processing

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Browsing Department of Food Science and Agro-processing by Author "Chove, Lucy M."

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    Effect of solar drying methods on total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of commonly consumed fruits and vegetable (mango, banana, pineapple and tomato) in Tanzania
    (Academic Journals, 2015-05) Mongi, Richard J.; Ndabikunze, Bernadette K.; Wicklund, Trude; Chove, Lucy M.; Chove, Bernard E.
    The effects of solar drying methods [Cabinet direct (CDD), cabinet mixed mode (CMD) and tunnel (TD) drying] on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacities of commonly consumed fruits and vegetable in Tanzania were investigated. The TPC and FRAP in mangoes (Mangifera indica cv. Dodo, Viringe and Kent), bananas (Musa acuminata, cv. Kisukari, Kimalindi and Mtwike), pineapples (Ananas comosuss cv Smooth cayenne) and tomatoes (Lycopersicum esculentum cv. Tanya, Cal J and Onyx) were evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods, respectively. There were significant (p<0.05) variations in TPC (mg GAE/100 g DM) and FRAP (μmol/100 g DM) among the fresh fruit and vegetable samples. The highest TPC was in tomato (476.6±8.6 - 538.9± 1.4) and lowest in banana (139.3±2.3 - 189.2±2.7). Drying methods had significant (p<0.05) effect on TPC and antioxidant values of the samples. All fresh samples had higher TPC levels but declined significantly in dried samples with the exception of tunnel dried tomatoes. Among the dried samples, the tunnel dried samples had less TPC loss (6-16%) than the cabinet dried samples (17-42%). The cabinet direct and mixed mode samples were not statistically different (p>0.05) from each other. However, tunnel dried samples had less FRAP loss (6-13%) which were statistically different (p<0.05) from the cabinet dried samples (14-56%). Percentage TPC and FRAP recoveries (%) differed significantly (P<0.05) between the varieties within the fruits/vegetable for both drying methods. A strong 2 2 correlations between TPC and FRAP in both fresh (R = 0.970) and dried samples (R =0.8636) suggests that solar drying methods have significant effects on total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of fruits and vegetables with tunnel drying method giving significantly less effects.
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    Effects of Hexanal and Calcium Chloride Post-Harvest Treatments in Management of Fresh Mango (Mangifera indica) Quality
    (Springer, 2022-07) Baltazari, Anna; Mtui, Hosea D.; Mwatawala, Maulid W.; Chove, Lucy M.; Msogoya, Theodosy; Samwel, Jaspa; Paliyath, Gopinadhan; Subramanian, Jayasankar
    Abstract Experiments were conducted at the Sokoine University of Agriculture to assess the effects of hexanal at (0.02%) (volume/volume) and calcium chloride (2%) (weight/volume), on post-harvest quality of mango (‘Palmer’ and ‘Apple’) under different storage conditions and durations. A three factors factorial experiment was used for each variety and replicated six times. The fruits were stored at ambient temperature (28 ± 2 °C) or reduced temperatures (18 ± 2 °C) storage conditions. Data included physiological weight loss (PWL), fruit firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), titrat- able acidity (TA), TSS/TA ratio, vitamin C, total flavonoids, reducing sugar and total sugars which was collected at 0, 4, 8 and 12 days after harvest. Results indicated that hexanal and calcium chloride significantly (p \ 0.001) reduced mango PWL and improved fruit firmness and TSS of both varieties compared to untreated fruits. Hexanal-treated fruits maintained high vitamin C, total flavonoids, total and reducing sugars irrespective of the storage conditions. Vitamin C and total flavonoids of mango fruits decreased with storage time, whereas total and reducing sugar contents increased with storage time. Both treatments maintained physico-chemical qualities of mango fruits, when stored under reduced temperature storage. Keywords; Physiological weight loss , Fruits firmness , Total soluble solids (TSS) , Titratable acidity (TA) ,TSS/TA ratio , Vitamin C , Flavonoids , Reducing sugar , Total sugar
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    Microbiological quality of stream and borehole water in Lushoto district, Tanzania
    (African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2023-03-14) Chove, Lucy M.; Athumani, Hadija
    A study was conducted to assess the microbiological quality of water in two streams and three boreholes from Sunga and Mbaru wards in Lushoto district, Tanzania. Water samples were collected in duplicate from the streams and boreholes. Three locations were selected along the stream including unpopulated forest areas, highly populated and less populated areas both with agricultural activities. Analysis of data was done by R-Software and means separated by Turkey‘s honest significance test at p<0.05. Significant differences (p<0.05) in Escherichia coli and Salmonella contamination were observed along the three locations of the streams. Although the unpopulated forest areas were not contaminated by either microorganism except for one sample, the rest of the areas were contaminated. Highly populated agricultural areas were found to be contaminated by E. coli and Salmonella, followed by the less populated agricultural areas. Generally, water samples from the streams failed to meet the TZS 789 Standard and WHO 2011 water guidelines, a risk to water borne disease outbreaks. With the exception of E. coli from boreholes in Madukani, all other borehole water samples were within the limits stipulated in both the TZS 789 Standard and WHO 2011 Guidelines. Communities should be warned about the dangers of water contamination especially at the sources. In addition, water should be treated regardless of its source to improve its safety and quality for human consumption.