Browsing by Author "Kajembe, George C"

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Designed for accumulation by dispossession: an analysis of Tanzania's wildlife management areas through the case of Burunge
(wiley, 2020-12) Kicheleri, Rose P; Mangewa, Lazaro J; Treue, Thorsten; Nielsen, Martin R; Kajembe, George C
Unfortunately, adverse rather than positive local welfare outcomes of community-based conservation initiatives are quite common. Through the case of Burunge Wildlife Management Area (WMA) this study documents how WMAs in Tanzania appear designed to facilitate accumulation by disposses- sion in the name of decentralized wildlife management. Based on focus group discussions, interviews, and policy-document analyses, we show that the pro- cess of establishing the WMA was fraught with hidden agendas and lacked legitimacy as well as transparency. Villagers and their local governments were also oblivious to the fact that the village land they contributed to forming the WMA would no longer be under village control even if they withdrew from the WMA. Decentralized revenue streams were gradually recentralized, and when the High Court ruled in favor of a Village Government that did not want to be part of the WMA, higher levels of government scared it to stay and to drop its legal as well as economic claims. We conclude that by mechanisms of rule-through-law WMAs deliberately dispossess village communities by atten- uating the authority of democratically elected village governments. Hence, the wildlife policy needs urgent revision to democratize and thus promote positive livelihood outcomes of the WMA concept.
Impact of forstland tenure changes on forest cover, stocking and three species diversity in Amani natural reserve, Tanzania
(Academic Publishers, 2011) Mpanda, Mathew M; Luoga, Emmanuel J; Kajembe, George C; Eid, Tron
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of changes from private to state tenure on forest resources for three blocks in Amani Nature Reserve. The resource changes were determined in terms of forest cover, forest stocking and tree species diversity over a period of six to eight years. When considering the three blocks as one entity one may in general maintain that there have been positive changes regarding forest cover. There were differences between the blocks, however. The proportions of dense and semi-closed forest increased by around 14% in the former tea company block, remained unchanged in the former farmland and decreased by around 12% in the former sisal company block. The changes in stocking parameters and tree species diversity were mainly positive, but none were statistically significant. Although the results were somewhat ambiguous evidence of positive impacts as a result of the tenure changes was identified. This is in line with the main aim of establishing nature reserves focusing on conservation values. More research, however, is required regarding impacts of tenure changes on livelihood for those living adjacent to the nature reserve.
Institutional rhetoric versus local Reality: a case study of burunge Wildlife management area, Tanzania
(SAGE, 2018) Kicheleri, Rose P; Treue, Thorsten; Nielsen, Martin R; Kajembe, George C; Mombo, Felister M
Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs) are establishments that promote wildlife conservation and rural development in Tanzania. However, through focus group discussions, key informant interviews, a questionnaire survey, and literature review, we found that the participation of local people in both the establishment and management of the WMA was limited and rife with conflict. While benefits have materialized at the communal level, local people saw neither value nor benefit of the WMA to their livelihoods. Specifically, local people’s access to natural resources got worse while private eco-tourism investors and the central government have gained financially. Contrary to the livelihood enhancing WMA rhetoric, top-down institutional choices have sidelined democratically elected Village Governments and successive legislative adjustments disenfranchised and dispossessed them and their constituencies. We conclude that village governments should consistently demand for their legal rights to the resources on their land until the WMA approach to conservation and development is democratized.
Poverty and sustainable development impacts of REDD architecture; options for equity growth and the environment
(International Institute for Environment and Development, 2013) Vatn, Arild; Kajembe, George C; Leiva-Montoya, Ruben; Mosi, Elvis; Nantongo, Maria; Silayo, Dos Santos