Browsing by Author "Kilawe, C. J."

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Poor implementation of village land use plan impedes conservation efforts in Kilosa district, Tanzania
(NATURE & FAUNE, 2018-06-13) Kilawe, C. J.; Mrosso, H. T.; Amanzi, N. S.
Village Land Use Plan is increasingly becoming a tool for land resource management in rural areas of Tanzania. The plan is expected to enhance conservation and reduce resource use conflicts and degradation. Despite the good prospects of the plan and large investments vested in it, little is known about its adoption and implementation. This paper provides the required information, based on interviews administered to households and key informants in two villages located in East Central Tanzania. Results revealed that on average a village land use plan is adopted and implemented by only 45%. Low level of implementation is partly due to inadequate involvement of local community and lack of land suitability analysis during the planning stage. Poor adoption and implementation of land use plans threatens the conservation efforts since land set aside for conservation is used contrary to the prescription.
Transformation of shifting cultivation: Extent, driving forces and impacts on livelihoods in Tanzania
(ELSEVIER, 2018) Kilawe, C. J.; Mertzb, O.; Silayo, D. A.; Birch-Thomsen, T.; Maliondo, S. M.
Shifting cultivation is in rapid transformation in many parts of the Global South, but the drivers and consequences of these changes are still not well understood, especially in Africa. We therefore analysed the drivers of this transformation and its impacts on livelihoods between 1995 and 2014 in two villages located in Eastern Central Tanzania by combining analysis of socio-economic and remote sensing data. Results revealed that in an upland village, the number of shifting cultivators declined from 34% to 16% and the area changed from 19% to 17%.Inaplateauvillage,thenumberofshifting cultivatorsdeclinedfrom24%to18%andtheareasubstantially declined from23% to 14%. Inboth villages, shifting cultivators adoptedintensive land preparation methods that involved deep tillage and burying of vegetation. Transformation of shifting cultivation in the upland area was driven by adoption and enforcement of land tenure policies that restrict shifting cultivation whereas in the plateau area, it was driven by population pressure causing competition for land between shifting cultivators and pastoralists. In both villages transformation of shifting cultivation negatively aﬀected household income and increased periods of food insecurity.