Browsing by Author "Mahoo, H."

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Affecting the adoption of rain water harvesting technologies in western Pare lowlands of Tanzania
(1998) Mdoe, N.S.Y.; Hatibu, N.; Mahoo, H.; Gowing, J.; Senkondo, E.M.M
4,d.oPtion,oj. tech,!ology.is an importantfactor in economic development especia.lly.' in developing fountries~ s.ucc,essful introduction of technologies in d~eloping countries requires an understanding gf .the prioriti~s and concerns of smallholder fanners at the grassroots. This. paper analyses the soc,io-economic factors t~at influence the adoption of rain water harvesting (RWH) technologies tli !ye~te,!, Pare lowlands of Tanzania. Data for the study. were collected from 70 smallholder farmers {'! Kifar;uandLembeni viilages. These data were fitted in Probit and Logit models. ,The results of the Rrobit model are used to explain adoption of RWH in Western Pare lowlands because it produced b§tte[ fits compa'red with the Logit model. The results of the probit model shows that/arm size, nUmber .oj family members working in the fann, experience in fanning, and extent of knowledge in RWH techniques were significant in explaining 'the inte1}sity of adoption ofRWH techniques. Regarding farmers perceived technology ch.ara~cteristics, the results show thaUanners' appreciation .of RWH as a factor contributing to increased crop yield was positively and significantly explaining the intensity qt q,d.option o/RWH. This suggests that.!ligher yieltJS, attain(!d with the use ofRWH techniques will enc(Jurage adoption of the (echniques. It is therefore.recommended that·efforts to promote the use of RWH techniques shQuld go together with. the use of other recommended improved inputs to bring higher returns to farmers.
Expert-based ex-ante assessments of potential social, ecological, and economic impacts of upgrading strategies for improving food security in rural Tanzania using the ScalA-FS approach
(Springer Science, 2017) Graef, F.; Uckert, G.; Schindler, J.; König, H. J.; Mbwana, H. A.; Fasse, A.; Mwinuka, L.; Mahoo, H.; Kaburire, L.; Saidia, P.; Yustas, Y. M.; Silayo, V.; Makoko, B.; Kissoly, L.; Lambert, C.; Kimaro, A.; Sieber, S.; Hoffmann, H.; Kahimba, F. C.; Mutabazi, K. D.
Subsistence farmers in sub-Saharan Africa are highly vulnerable to food insecurity given their low adaptive capacity against ecological and socio-economic shocks. Therefore, food security is one of their main challenges. Participatory action research across food value chains (FVCs) can help stabilize and enhance food security by developing upgrading strategies (UPS) that enhance specific aspects of crop production, post-harvest processing, marketing, income generation, and consumption. However, prior to their widespread adoption or upscaling, UPS need holistic understandings of their potential social, ecological, economic, and institutional challenges and opportunities in target areas. This article reports the application of the BScalA-FS^ tool, which assessed the potential success of selected UPS using assessment criteria developed by agricultural scientists and local farmers in a participatory process in Tanzania. This work is embedded in a larger participatory research project conducted in semi-arid and sub-humid ecological settings of the Dodoma and Morogoro regions of Tanzania. Results from the assessment of the potential impact of the UPS differed strongly between the UPS and the social, economic and environmental assessment criteria, but only slightly between semi-arid and sub-humid regions. The positive impacts of food-securing UPS centre on productivity and income generation. Rain water harvesting, fertilizer micro-dosing, optimized weeding, and promotion of kitchen gardens were expected to have the highest impacts after implementation. The ScalA-FS ex-ante assessments provide a knowledge base about potential impacts, as well as the potential bottlenecks to address during the implementation of UPS.
Simulation of water productivity for Maize under drip irrigation
(Tropentag, 2011) Festo, R.; Bobert, J.; Mahoo, H.; Kashaigili, J.
Water has become increasingly scarce in most of the countries in the world. To use the available water efficiently in crop production, agricultural water productivity (WP) need to be improved. Drip irrigation systems and deficit irrigation practices are the most ef- ficient methods in improving WP. Availability of soil-water-crop simulation and climatic models can also help in the efforts to improve WP. A study was conducted in Morogoro using CROPWAT model to simulate water productivity of maize under drip irrigation by supplying different water deficits. A completely randomised block design was used with three replications and four treatments. The treatments were T1, T2, T3 and T4 represen- ting 60, 40, 20, 0 percent deficit of ETC (crop evapo-transpiration) respectively. Biomass accumulation (at 45 and 75 days after planting; DAP), grain yield and harvest index we- re determined for each treatment and experimental yield reductions were calculated. The CROPWAT simulation was done for each water deficit level and yield reductions were recorded. A comparison was made between experimental and simulated yield reductions. The mean biomass production between the treatments at 45 DAP were not significant dif- ferent (p < 0.05). At 75 DAP mean biomass production (0.684, 0.728, 1.049, 1.378 kg m-2 for T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively) were highly significant different (p < 0.05). The mean grain yield between treatments, mean water productivity (1.67, 2.2, 1.78, 1.72 kg m-3 for T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively) and harvest index values were significant different (p < 0.01). Experimental and CROPWAT simulated yield reductions were not significant different (p < 0.01) at all stages for all the treatments. The CROPWAT model adequately simulated the experimental yield response to water for maize (maize water productivity).
Water resources management in Tanzania: Identifying research gaps and needs and recommendations for a research agenda
(2015) Mahoo, H.; Simukanga, L.; Kashaga, R. A. L.
This paper aims at identifying research gaps and needs and recommendations for a research agenda on water resources management in Tanzania. We reviewed published literature on water resources management in Tanzania in order to highlight what is currently known, and to identify knowledge gaps, and suggest areas that need further research. The paper is in four parts which address: water resources as impacted by climate change; management of water resources in Rainfed agriculture; management of water resources in irrigated agriculture and water management catchment studies. Review of water resources management in Tanzania; Global literature review on water resources management; Knowledge gaps on water resources management in Tanzania; and Proposed research agenda and researchable issues. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to review published literature on water resources management in Tanzania in order to highlight what is currently known, and to identify knowledge gaps, and suggest areas that need further research. However, the scope of the paper is limited to the following core areas: water resources as impacted by climate change; management of water resources in Rainfed agriculture; management of water resources in irrigated agriculture and water management catchment studies.