Browsing by Author "Mattee, Amon Z."

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Determinants of choices of the Income generating activities among youths beneficiaries of youth development fund in Morogoro municipality and Mvomero district in Tanzania
(2021) John, Regina; Mattee, Amon Z.; Nyamba, Siwel Y.
Being guided by the theory of reasoned action, this study sought to investigate factors that determined the choices of income-generating activities among youth beneficiaries of Youth Development Fund in Morogoro Municipality and Mvomero District Councils. The study employed cross-section designs where 200 respondents were involved. Multistage sampling techniques and simple random techniques were used to select the respondents involved in the study. Data were collected through questionnaires and interview schedules, and they were analysed through descriptive statistics and the Multinomial regression model. The findings show that factors that have influenced the choice of youth income generating activities among the youth include: attitudes, family, and friends support, customers and market availability, availability of skilled labour, low competition from a similar business, skills possession, and cooperation from others. However, these findings show that the factors did not influence all categories of choices and therefore the study recommends that the ministry responsible for youth should ensure that there is enough awareness created for youth on how the Community Development Department can make their business perform better. This should include training on how youth can have a proper choice by considering factors such as attitude, significant others, and skills possession.
Determinants of choices of the Income Generating Activities among Youths beneficiaries of Youth Development Fund in Morogoro Municipality and Mvomero District in Tanzania
(Tanzania Journal of Community Development, 2021-08-25) John, Regina; Mattee, Amon Z.; Nyamba, Siwel Y.
Being guided by the theory of reasoned action, this study sought to investigate factors that determined the choices of income- generating activities among youth beneficiaries of Youth Development Fund in Morogoro Municipality and Mvomero District Councils. The study employed cross-section designs where 200 respondents were involved. Multistage sampling techniques and simple random techniques were used to select the respondents involved in the study. Data were collected through questionnaires and interview schedules, and they were analysed through descriptive statistics and the Multinomial regression model. The findings show that factors that have influenced the choice of youth income generating activities among the youth include: attitudes, family, and friends support, customers and market availability, availability of skilled labour, low competition from a similar business, skills possession, and cooperation from others. However, these findings show that the factors did not influence all categories of choices and therefore the study recommends that the ministry responsible for youth should ensure that there is enough awareness created for youth on how the Community Development Department can make their business perform better. This should include training on how youth can have a proper choice by considering factors such as attitude, significant others, and skills possession.
Factors affecting interactions between different key actors in improved rice varieties innovation system in the Eastern Zone of Tanzania
(Routledge, 2021) Charles, Sospeter J.; Mattee, Amon Z.; Msuya-Bengesi, Catherine P.
This study examines factors affecting the interactions between different key actors in the innovation system of improved rice varieties in the Eastern Zone of Tanzania. A parallel mixed design was used to collect the data from a sample of 340 randomly selected rice farming households and 34 purposively selected key informants from actor groups involved in rice innovations. Information was collected using structured and semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and documentary review. Factors affecting interactions between farmers and other key actors were analyzed using a binary logistic model and chi-square test, meanwhile, content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. The findings show that household income, farming systems, leadership, innovation platforms, coordination bodies, trust, human and financial resources, ICT facilities, and transportation means were the factors that affected interactions between different actors in the system. Equally, limited financial resources were reported to have affected every actor group’s ability to interact in the system, thus significantly constraining the implementation of linkage activities designed to facilitate actors’ interactions along the improved rice varieties value chain. This study speaks to policymakers on formulating strategies for financial resource mobilization that will strengthen availability and accessibility of finance by actors and enable the implementation of linkage activities (e.g., innovation platform establishment, enhancement of ICT facilities, and improvement of transport means, among others) which, in turn, will strengthen actors’ interactions in the system and improve rice production.
Inter-annual anomaly and seasonal variability of rainfall and temperature in selected Semi-arid Areas of Tanzania
(2012) Kabote, Samwel J.; Mamiro, Delphina; Synnevåg, Gry; Urassa, Justin K.; Mattee, Amon Z.; Mbwambo, Jonathan S.; Nombo, Carolyne I.; Masolwa, Leah W.; Chingonikaya, Emanuel E.
Although climate variability and change are not new phenomena in semi-arid areas, their trends may change over time. Using data from Tanzania Meteorological Agency (TMA) during the interval 2003 -2011, this paper examined inter-annual anomaly (deviation from long term mean) and seasonal variability of rainfall and temperature in Iramba and Meatu Districts. Results showed no significant increase (P>0.05) of inter-annual rainfall variability. Nonetheless, a considerable shift of heavy rains was evident in Iramba District. In both districts there was a shift of months with the most rain. In addition, considerable rainfall and temperature variability were depicted by the trends in the; number of hot and cold years; number of dry and wet years as well as by trends in the number of rainy days in both districts. While temperature showed an increasing trend throughout April in both districts, rainfall showed a decreasing trend, which can increase evapo-transpiration and in turn reduces moisture for the crops, exacerbates poor pasture productivity for livestock, and leads to water scarcity for both crops and animals. Hence, adjustments in cropping and livestock production systems and institutional support are critical in order to buffer the impact of climate variability in semi-arid areas.
Major agricultural extension providers in Tanzania
(kyoto university IRR, 2001-12) Rutatora, Deogratias F.; Mattee, Amon Z.
While agricultural extension services in Tanzania have mostly been provided and financed by the public sector, the landscape is changing with regard to the provision of extension services in the country. Observations reveal that several non-governmental organi- sations (NGOs) and farmer-led initiatives have, over time, supplemented extension service delivery of the public extension services with cost-sharing, but these experiences have not been formally integrated into the extension system nor has their potential to reduce public expenditure and improve quality of extension service been considered. As the government continues to face financial difficulties, it has started to reconsider the issue of public exten- sion service and is currently entertaining the possibilities of gradually divesting the public sector of extension, leaving the private sector and users to take an increasing responsibility. This paper brings to light major providers of extension services in Tanzania to help inform decision-makers on how various actors can support agricultural extension on a sustainable basis.
Rain-fed farming system at a crossroads in Semi-Arid areas of Tanzania: what roles do climate variability and change play?
(IISTE, 2014) Kabote, Samwel J.; Mamiro, Delphina P.; Synnevåg, Gry; Urassa, Justin K.; Mattee, Amon Z.; Chingonika, Emanuel E.; Mbwambo, Jonathan S.; Nombo, Carolyne I.; Masolwa, Leah M.
Positive changes, like adopting drought resistant crop varieties, in the rain-fed farming system (RFFS) in response to climate variability and change enhance system’s ability to support people’s living as opposed to negative changes, like lack of pastures, which put the system at risk of failure in supporting the living. Using participatory rural appraisal (PRA) and household survey, this paper examined the roles of climate variability and change in triggering changes in RFFS. Specifically, the paper: (i) assessed dominant crop and livestock farming system; (ii) assessed the change element of crop and livestock production systems; and (iii) examined factors for the changes in RFFS. A random sample of 388 households was used. Qualitative data analysis was done through content analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to assess factors that explain changes on RFFS. The results showed that dominant crops were different in each village. Secondly, some changes in crop varieties and in livestock grazing arrangements were noted in response to climate variability and change. Unlike the hypothesis (P>0.05), the results demonstrated that warming (ß = -10.61, Wald = 36.26, P ≤ 0.001) showed highest significant impact on likelihood of adopting new crop varieties relative to other factors. Similarly, drought (ß = 2.16, Wald = 6.82, P ≤ 0.009) showed highest impact on the likelihood of changing a grazing place. Yet, the changes were constrained by factors like natural resources protective policies, failure of crop varieties to withstand warming and drought, and poor land use management. Therefore, the RFFS was at a crossroads with implications on system sustainability and livelihoods. The government and private interventions should support farmers and agro-pastoralists to manage risks related to the changes in RFFS in response to climate variability and change
The role of formal and informal institutions in land management in the Uluguru Mountains, Morogoro, Tanzania
(Springer, 2023) Malisa, Emmanuel Timothy; Mattee, Amon Z.; Mahonge, Christopher P.
Land degradation has remained a challenge in the Uluguru Mountains in spite of efforts by various actors to address the problem. Cognizant of the role institutions can play in land management, the paper analysed formal and informal institu- tions for land management with a focus on their role in governing land management in the Uluguru Mountains. Data were collected through participatory rural appraisal, focus group discussions and structured interviews. Content analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyse the qualitative and quantitative data, respectively. The primary education system, village environmental management committees and village extension system, as well as knowledge transfer from elders to the younger generation, labour pooling (ubava), traditional dances and farmer groups’ networks enhance land manage- ment. Blood sucking belief (umachinja) and a tendency to envy a person making good progress (katsopata) constrained land management. Land tenure system, belief in supernatural powers and religious institutions played both enhancing and constraining roles. The study affirms that institutions influence perceptions, preferences, behaviours and action. It contrasts with the rational choice thinking, which sees behaviour as only following an individualistic rational calculus independent of institutional setting. Through designed and spontaneous change, some institutions have become more relevant for land management. It is crucial that land management interventions take into consideration the existing institutional landscape.
Roles of lead farmers in facilitating uptake of agricultural technologies in collaboration with extension officers: a case of RIPAT approach in Tanzania
(Mkuki na Nyota, 2023) Ringo, Dominick E.; Mattee, Amon Z.; Urassa, Justin K.
Low agricultural productivity in sub-Saharan Africa is caused mainly by the low uptake of agricultural technologies resulting from the declining role of public extension services. For example, the existence of a wide extension-farmers’ ratio in Tanzania has limited access to new agricultural technologies and the capacity to turn the information and knowledge into practices for actual development. To contribute to narrowing the Extension-Farmer ratio, the Rural Initiatives for Participatory Agricultural Transformation (RIPAT) approach has been adopted to bridge agricultural technology gaps through promoting the use of lead farmers (LFs) as the principal agents of change in their communities. This paper assesses the roles played by LFs in the uptake of agricultural technologies and how they fill the gap of inadequate extension staff. The study on which this paper is based, involved 384 LFs and non-LFs who were randomly selected from a population of 1800 farmers in Karatu and Singida districts in 2018. The findings show that the use of LFs has narrowed the extension: farmers’ ratio tenfold at the village level and facilitated the uptake of technologies at reduced costs since they are from within the community and are not necessarily paid for. It is concluded that LFs play an important role in bridging agricultural technology gaps. It is recommended that formalization of the use of LFs should be integrated into Tanzania’s public extension system. In addition, there is a need for further research on the performance of LFs.