Browsing by Author "Nchimbi-Msolla, S."

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Analysis of the agricultural science, Technology and Innovation System: banana (Musa spp.) case study in Tanzania
(ResearchGate, 2010-11) Maerere, A. P.; Rweyemamu, C. L.; Sibuga, K. P.; Mgembe, E. R.; Rwambali, E. G.; Nchimbi-Msolla, S.
This study was conducted to collect information on the agricultural science, technology and innovation (ASTI) system in the banana (Musa spp.) subsector in Tanzania. Major policies were reviewed with respect to their impact on the subsector. Linkages among key actors were identified and analyzed. Surveys were conducted in four agro-ecological zones that are major banana producers. The information was collected using two structured questionnaires: one for farmers and another for organizations. Generally, Tanzania was found to have well established agricultural and science and technology policies. However, implementation was hampered by low investment that did not match with government commitments. Main key actors, identified in the subsector, included smallholder farmers, private enterprises and various organizations that played major roles in creation, diffusion and utilization of knowledge. Research and training were found to be mainly under the control of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Cooperatives and the Sokoine University of Agriculture. Results indicate that 60% of smallholder banana farmers had received primary education. Land is under family ownership, with an average 1.5 ha of which 25–53% was devoted to banana production. Most banana producers were found to operate on an individual basis, with collaboration mainly amongst themselves rather than with other actors. They lacked specialized training and operated at traditional level with very low use of innovations. It is recommended that all major areas of action require strengthening of existing information diffusion system, incentives for innovations, infrastructure, credit schemes, and recognition of banana as an important food and cash crop.
The capacity of on-farm research in reducing poverty: Experiences from twenty seven projects in Tanzania
(Tanzania J.Agric.Sc, 2008) Tarimo, A. J. P.; Johnsen, F. H.; Nchimbi-Msolla, S.; Mbaga, S.; Kilima, F. T. M.; Sesabo, J.; Abdallah, J. M.; Iranga, G.
Poverty can be categorized into income poverty and non-income poverty. At the smallscale Jarmers level income poverty results Jrom low productivity oj agricultural enterprises. hence low sales oj products. On the other hand. non income poverty encompasses a wide range oj live phenomena, including level oj education, poor survival strategies, poor nutritional status. lack oj clean and saJe drinking water, poor social wellbeing, vulnerability , etc. In 2000/01 about 62% oj households in Tanzania succumbed to income poverty. While the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) was silent on research as one oj the strategic approaches to reduce poverty in Tanzania, a study was conducted between 2001 and 2004 by Sokoine University oj Agriculture (SUA) in collaboration with the Agricultural Sector Lead Ministries (ASLMs) to evaluate the effectiveness oj onjarm research and development (R&D) approaches in bringing about poverty reduction amongst the smallholder Jarmers in the country. The study was based on 27 projects under Tanzania Agricultural Research Project Phase II (TARPII) managed by SUA (TARPII-SUA) conducted in the Eastern and Southern Highlands Zones oj country. By responding to a questionnaire. smallholder Jarmers evaluated technologies introduced through research. Results have shown that smallholder Jarmers' poverty could be signijkantly reduced by inb'oducing appropriate technologies. Thus. on average, participating Jarmers observed reductions in income poverty by the period oj this study. It is concluded that introduction oj technologies through onJarm research increases technology adoption and reduces income poverty.
Effects of biodegradable mulch films in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) performance: on-station trials
(Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2023) Massawe, B. H.; Moisan, L.; Semu, T.; Nchimbi-Msolla, S.
Different types of mulches have varied levels of efficiency. This study compared effects of using biodegradable mulch films (BMF) in common beans production compared with selected types of dead mulches used in Tanzania. Two different experiments in four replications were conducted using completely randomized block design on-station at SUA. In the first experiment, the treatments were BMF, pimento grass, maize straw and control. In the second experiment the treatments were BMF, butterfly pea, maize husks, and control. Crop performance indicators including germination, number of leaves, plant height and number of pods were recorded weekly using 9 representative plants in each plot. Number of weeds were counted physically weekly using quadrant method. Dry grain yield was also recorded in each experiment. The data were analysed for the effects of treatments to experimental units using ANOVA at 5% significance level. Results from the first experiment showed that BMF performed significantly better than other tested mulches in yield, weed control, branching, number of leaves, and number of pods. BMF did not do well in seed germination and plant height. Results from the second experiment showed that BMF had significantly better performance in terms of number of pods, grain bean yield, weed infestation control, plant height and number of branches. These initial results on use of industrial BMF calls for further research which may lead to promotion of use of these environmentally friendlier mulch films as compared to very slowly degradable plastic mulch films currently used in some farming systems in Tanzania
Evaluation of maturity characteristics and of yield components of high protein bean (Phoseolus vulgaris L.) varieties in Morogoro, Tanzania
(1998) Mduruma, Z.O.; Nchimbi-Msolla, S.; Reuberi, S.O.W.M.; Misangu, R.N.
Several Bean growing areas in Tqnzania have unreliable and marginal rains necessitating use of short maturing and high yielding varieties. Such varieties however, are not, readily available. This'study was done to evaluate varieties for maturity, yield and its components in the bean growing areas of Morogoro, Tanzania. Sixty four varieties from the Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) collection and from a high percentage protein population were grown at two locations, Mgeta (high altitude) and SUA (low altitude) in 8 x 8 partial lattice with 3 replicatiqns during the 1991 season. Yield levels were low, ranging between 0.2 - 0.8 tlha at Mgeta and 0.06 - 2.Otlha atSUA. Earlier varieties were superior in yield due to' a higher yield efficiency. Varieties grown in the cooler higher altitude areas matured late with consequent reduction in yield. Significant G x E interaction effects were observedfor all the variables, except number of seeds per pod. Positive genetic correlations were significant (P ~0.01) at both locations between yield and number of pods per plant, yield efficiency and podjilling period. Yield was genetically and negatively corrected with days to first flower, 50% podfill and 85 % maturity. Path coefficient showed that days to first flower had a consistent negative direct effect o!'l yield. At both locations, the negative genetic relationship between days to 50% podfill with yield was attributed to the negative indirect influence through days to first flower. Earlier flowering anq maturity, longer podfilling with high pod production and yield efficiency are recomme.nded for higher yields of beans in the study area.
The Impact of Agricultural Research on Poverty and Income Distribution: A Case Study of Selected On-farm Research Projects at Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
(2013) Kilima, F. T. M.; Tarimo, A. J. P.; Johnsen, F. H.; Nchimbi-Msolla, S.; Sesabo, J.; Abdallah, J.M.; Iranga, G.
The impact of agricultural research on poverty and income distribution: A case study of selected on-farm research projects at Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
(2013) Kilima, F. T. M.; Tarimo, A. J. P.; Johnsen, F. H.; Nchimbi-Msolla, S.; Mbaga, S.; Sesabo, J.; Abdallah, J.M.; Iranga, G.
Improved technologies induce productivity growth that generates pro-poor improvement processes. However, improving welfare and equity is a difficult task. This study investigated whether interventions in agriculture benefit farmers who are more capable to derive sufficient gains than others using data from on-farm research projects in Tanzania.Data were collected during baseline and impact assessment studies using questionnaires. The distributions of income were assessed using coefficients of variation, Gini coefficients and Theil’s Tstatistic. Results show that the projects contributed to increase farm income through enhanced productivity and sales of products and these gains were equitably shared. To encourage adoption and sustainability of these interventions it is important to sensitize Local Government Authorities and Agricultural Sector Lead Ministries on these technologies to allow incorporation of research findings in development plans. Involvement of extension staff in research and demonstrations through farmers’ shows should also be encouraged to increase adoption.
The impact of agricultural research on poverty and income distribution: A case study of selected on-farm research projects at Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
(Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2013) Kilima, F. T. M.; Tarimo, A. J. P.; Johnsen, F. H.; Nchimbi-Msolla, S.; Mbaga, S.; Sesabo, J.; Abdallah, J. M.; Iranga, G.
Improved technologies induce productivity growth that generates pro-poor improvement processes. However, improving welfare and equity is a difficult task. This study investigated whether interventions in agriculture benefit farmers who are more capable to derive sufficient gains than others using data from on-farm research projects in Tanzania.Data were collected during baseline and impact assessment studies using questionnaires. The distributions of income were assessed using coefficients of variation, Gini coefficients and Theil’s Tstatistic. Results show that the projects contributed to increase farm income through enhanced productivity and sales of products and these gains were equitably shared. To encourage adoption and sustainability of these interventions it is important to sensitize Local Government Authorities and Agricultural Sector Lead Ministries on these technologies to allow incorporation of research findings in development plans. Involvement of extension staff in research and demonstrations through farmers’ shows should also be encouraged to increase adoption.
Research note on the distribution and relative importance of bean bruchid species aconthoscelides obtectus (say.) and zabrotes subfosciatus (boh.) in Tanzania
(2000) Misangu, R.N.; Nchimbi-Msolla, S.; Reuben, S.O.W. M.
Two bean bruchid species Acanthoscelides·obtectus (Say.) and Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boh.) are known to destroy beans in storage. However, the distribution and relative. importance of these species have not been established in Tanzania. In this study, a bf!an bruchid survey was carried out to find out if the two bean bruchid species occurred in th~ country. The survey was corzduded In 1993 and it was observed that both bean bruchid species were present in all regions surveyed. However, the speCies A. obtectus was more dominant in all. regions except in Ruvuma and therefore' appeared to be relatively more important than Z. subfasciatus. The occurrence of the two species in all surveyed regions indicates that both species are of economic importance in the country. There was no indication that the two species occur in well defined ecological zones.
Resistance of arcelin incorporated bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) hybrids and their parental cultivars against the bean bruchid Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boh)
(2001) Misangu, R.N.; Nchimbi-Msolla, S.; Reuben, S.O.W.M.
A hybridization bean breeding programme aimed at breeding beans resistant against the bean bruchid species Z. subfasciatus which destroys beans in storage was carried out at Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) Morogoro. Tanzania between 1994-1997. Five potential local bean varieties/lines were crossed to a bruchid resistant bean line RAZ 24-2 which was developed at SUA by selection from ClAT segregating RAZ bean populations. Seeds of RAZ lines contain arcelin a protein which confers resistance against Z. subfasciatus and can be transferred into other varietiess by hybridization. The backcross breeding procedure was adopted and five arcelin containing progenies were developed from this breeding programme. Seed of the developed progenies and those of the parents were then tested for resistance against Z. subfasciatus a randomized complete block design with 5 replications. There were significant difference, (P < 0. 05) in resistance against Z. subfasciatus among the genotypes. Results indicated that arcelin incorporated genotypes were superior over the arcelin deficient parents for resistance against Z. subfasciatus. Generally, the presence of arcelin in bean seeds delayed bruchid development reduced the number of emerged bruchids damage on bean seeds. However, bruchids managed to lay many eggs on seeds of all cultivars tested suggesting that bruchids are not inhibited from laying eggs on archelin containing seeds.