Browsing by Author "Samagwa, Dafrozah"

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Composition, structure and diversity of homegardens and implications on livelihoods in Moshi rural district Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania
(Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2014) Samagwa, Dafrozah
This study assessed the composition, structure and diversity of agro forestry homegardens and implications on the livelihoods of the local communities in Moshi Rural District in 'Kilimanjaro Region. Purposive sampling was used to select three villages which arc Msuni, Rau and Chekereni Weruweru from highland, midland and lowland agro- ecological zones respectively. Primary data were collected using village surveys, on farm inventories, household interviews and focused group discussions. Data analyses was done using SPSS and excel softwares. The results revealed that there are five agrofbrestry systems practiced in the homegardens of the surveyed villages with Agrosilvopasture being the most widely practiced system followed by Agrosilvicultural, Agroaposilvipastoral, Agroaposilvicultural and Agroaquosilvopastoral. The technologies practiced in agrofbrestiy homegardens are mixed intercropping, live fence and boundary planting. Agrofbrestiy homegardens comprised of herbaceous crops, livestock, insects and fish under various interactions with woody perennials. There were 85 plant species comprised of 61 woody perennials and 24 herbaceous crops. The most dominant trees based on basal area are Grevillea robusta, Albizia schimperiana. Persea americana and Manginifera indica. A few additional crops have been introduced in the homegardens with increasing time including Manihot esculenta, Vigna imgiiiculata and Cajanus cajan due to their capacity to withstand drought. The production of different crops is said to have decreased in such a way that only 62.5% of the respondents currently meeting their annual household food requirements from their farms. A more diversified homegarden is needed so as to reduce dependence on the currently herbaceous crop and woody perennial based products only. Adoption of agrofbrestry technologies that can prevent soil erosion and capable of providing more nutritious rich leguminous leaves for ruminant animals are important. Alternative sources of household energy need to be sought to reduce dependency on fuelwood and promote the adoption of drought tolerant plants.
Investigation of noise pollution in restaurants in Morogoro municipality, Tanzania, East Africa
(JASEM, 2009) Mkoma, Stelyus l; Tungaraza, Clavery; Samagwa, Dafrozah
The assessment of the present status of sound levels in seven restaurants at Morogoro municipality was studied. The indoor and outdoor ambient noise levels were measured twice a day, thrice a week for a period of two months by using digital sound level meter. In addition, questionnaires survey was used to assess sources of noise pollution in restaurants environment. The results show that the measured noise level in all studied restaurants ranged from 61dBA to 64dBA. The measured indoor noise levels were higher than outdoor in B-One, High Classic and Vyakula vya Asili restaurants and vise versa in Saddiq, Princes and Malindi dishes restaurants. The correlation coefficients between the indoors and outdoors locations in all the restaurants were either negative or less than 0.3 thus suggesting little or no impact of the indoor environment on the outdoor environment’s noise level. In comparison with permissible Tanzania Bureau of Standards the measured indoor ambient noise levels in the restaurants were higher than the maximum permissible standard limit of 55dBA for mixed residential zones. As for sources of noise pollution at Morogoro municipality, the study shows that people who visit restaurants to have a meal encounter three kinds of noise pollution: the noise created by other customers, the noise from outside (the street), and the noise provided by the music systems which are run in most restaurants. Therefore, proper planning for restaurants areas and other use zones is recommended @ JASEM