Browsing by Author "Tryphone, George Muhamba"

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Improving cotton fiber quality through strategic sowing: implications for phosphorus management from experiments in Chato district, Tanzania
(Journal of Natural Fibers, 2024) Tlatlaa, Jacob Shauri; Tryphone, George Muhamba; Nassary, Eliakira Kisetu
This study was conducted in Msilale Village, Chato District in Tanzania, to evaluate the influence of sowing dates and phosphorus levels on cotton fiber quality. The study was established according to a factorial trial, with varying sowing dates (25th November 2022, 15th December 2022 and 4th January 2023) and phosphorus levels (control, 20 kg P ha−1, 40 kg P ha−1, 60 kg P ha−1). Results revealed that early planting had a statistically signifi cant (p < .001) effect on fiber cotton quality, including spinning coefficient index, fiber length, fiber strength, uniformity index, short fiber content, and grade/color. Early sowing dates (25th November 2022 and 15th December 2022) consistently produced superior fiber quality, including spin ning coefficient index (156.5 and 148.4), moisture content of the fiber (7.8% and 7.7%), micronaire (3.5 μg/inch), upper half mean length (1.2 cm), unifor mity index (84.6% and 84.2%) and shorter fiber (6.8% and 7.0%) relative to late sowing (4th January 2023). Conversely, phosphorus levels did not sig nificantly (p > .05) impact these parameters within the tested range. This research underscores the critical role of selecting appropriate sowing dates for cotton cultivation to achieve better fiber quality.
Variability of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Tanzania as evidenced by morphological assessment
(Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2022) Yanda, Focus Edson; Tryphone, George Muhamba
A total of 84 common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) accessions were collected from different areas of Tanzania serving as source of germplasm. Nineteen agromorphological traits of 84 common bean accessions were assessed to analyze the variability as a core objective for this study. Among all the accessions, 40.48% were characterized by indeterminate bush with moderate climbing ability and pods distributed evenly up to the plant habitus followed by 36.9%. Similarly, 14.29% were the genotypes with indeterminate bush with semi-climbing main stem and branches habitus genotypes. Also, 14.29% were the genotypes with the indeterminate bush with prostrate, and 7.14% were the genotypes with indeterminate bush with erect branches habitus while 1.19% were the genotypes with determinate bush least. Phonological, quantitative and qualitative traits were evaluated and their scores were subjected to principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The phylogenetic tree demonstrated 2 major clusters which were further divided into sub-clusters. Principal component analysis accounted for the accumulative variance of 35.78% revealing morphological variation highly attributed with variables which had greater than 0.2 Eigen values. The study demonstrated low morphological variation among the genotypes and emphasized the need to broaden genetic variability of the common bean in Tanzania. The results of this study can be used to select the valuable breeding material for use. Besides, molecular markers can be deployed to assess further the variability and diversity of these genotypes.