An epidermiological study on neonatal septicemia at Morogoro regional referral hospital, Tanzania
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Date
2014
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Publisher
Sokoine University of Agriculture
Abstract
Neonatal septicaemia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates
worldwide and majority of the cases are in developing countries. This cross sectional
study was conducted between December 2013 and March 2014 with the aim of
determining the epidemiology of neonatal septicaemia among the neonates admitted
at Morogoro Regional Referral Hospital. The study was subdivided into two sub
sections which are retrospective and prospective. In retrospective section records of
neonates hospitalized between month 2011 and month 2012 were used. In
prospective study a questionnaire was administered to 303 mothers/caregivers on risk
factors for neonatal septicaemia. Subsequently, blood samples from 303 neonates
clinically suspected to have septicemia and pus swabs from 17 neonates with pus
discharging umbilicus were collected for bacterial culture and sensitivity testing to
commonly used antibiotics using standard methods. Retrospective results showed
that the prevalence of neonatal septicaemia is 53.7% while prospective study showed
a prevalence of 13.5%. The significant risk factors for neonatal septicaemia were
age, weight, sex, umbilical cord discharge and poorly cared cord. Whereas, maternal
factors associated with neonatal septicaemia were fever, excessive vaginal
examination and caesarean section. Mortality rate due neonatal septicaemia was
significantly high (12.7% retrospective and 7.9% prospective). Commonly isolated
bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. and
Pseudomonus auriginosa which showed multi-drug resistance. This study shows that
the magnitude of neonatal septicaemia is high and therefore deliberate measures
aimed at minimizing the problem need to be taken
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Keywords
Epidermiological study, Neonatal septicemia, Morbidity, Mortality