The organisation of the enteric nervous system in the pig and goat, and changes induced by granulomatous inflammation in pigs infected with schistosoma japonicum
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Date
2001
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Publisher
The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University Copenhagen, Denmark
Abstract
This thesis is composed of four chapters, six papers and a summary in English as well as in
Danish. In chapters one to three the literature in the fields of study has been reviewed and the
objectives set forth in the current investigation and what was achieved are highlighted. Chapter
four gives a brief overview discussion of the results and perspectives. The remaining part of the
thesis is composed of publications/manuscripts describing findings from the current work as well
as respective discussions and conclusions and will be referred to as papers I-VI in the text.
Paper I deals with the organisation of the enteric nervous system in the small intestine of
the pig with emphasis on the submucous and mucous plexuses. Paper II gives an insight of the
organisation of the ganglia, isolated neurons and subplexuses in the mucous plexus in the
intestine of the pig. Paper III presents the organisation of the enteric nervous system in the goat
with emphasis on the subdivisions in the outer and inner submucous plexuses and salient features
to differentiate them as well as the extent of ganglia and isolated neurones in the mucous plexus.
Intra-plexus variations along segments, inter-plexus variation with respect to the size of ganglia
nerve stands and neurons are elaborated. Paper IV focuses on problems associated with methods
used to quantify neurons, enterochromaffin cells as well as estimation of the surface area of
Peyer’s patches in the gut in the previous studies. A simple, cheap, unbiased sampling method is
demonstrated using the pig jejunum as an example. Papers V and VI present findings on the
plasticity of neurochemical contents in the enteric nervous tissue in the caecum and colon of pigs
infected with Schistosoma japonicum.
Paper I: O.B. Balemba, M.-L. Grpndahl, G.K. Mbassa, W.D. Semuguruka, A. Hay-Schmidt, E.
Skadhauge, V. Dantzer. The organisation of the enteric nervous system in the submucous
and mucous layers of the small intestine of the pig studied by VIP and neurofilament
protein immunohistochemistry. Journal of Anatomy 1998; 192: 257-267.
Paper II: O.B. Balemba, A. Hay-Schmidt, R.J. Assey, C.K.B. Kahwa, W.D. Semuguruka, V.
Dantzer. An immunohistochemical study of the organisation of ganglia and nerve fibres
in the mucosa of the porcine intestine. Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical.
(Submitted).
Paper III: O.B. Balemba, W.D. Semuguruka, A. Hay-Schmidt, V. Dantzer. The organisation
and variations of ganglionated plexuses of the enteric nervous system in the goat.
Journal of Anatomy. (Submitted).
Paper IV: O.B. Balemba, A. Hay-Schmidt, V. Dantzer, H.J.G. Gundersen. A very simple and
efficient stereological sampling scheme for large mammalian gut, with estimation of the
total number of specific neurons in distinct plexuses using unbiased principles. (Draft).
Paper V: O. B. Balemba, W. D. Semuguruka, A. Hay-Schmidt, M. V. Johansen, V. Dantzer.
Vasoactive intestinal peptide and substance P-like immunoreactivities in the enteric
nervous system of the pig correlate with the severity of pathological changes induced by
Schistosoma japonicum. International Journal for Parasitology. (In press).
Paper VI: O.B. Balemba, K. Mortensen, W.D. Semuguruka, A. Hay-Schmidt, M.V. Johansen,
V. Dantzer. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity is increased during granulomatous
inflammation in the colon and caecum of pigs infected with Schistosoma japonicum.
Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical. (Submitted).
Description
Thesis
Keywords
Nervous systems-animals, Pig nervous system, Goat nervous system