Effect of genotype x environment interactions on yield and grain qualities of rice (oryza sativa, l.) in Morogoro region.
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Date
2001
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Publisher
Sokoine University of Agriculture
Abstract
Three experiments were conducted in the 1999/2000 season at Lumemo (rainfied
lowland), Tanganyika Agricultural Cooperation (TAC) (irrigated) and Sokoine
University of Agriculture (SUA) Farm (upland). The aim of the study was to
determine the relative contributions of the newly obtained genotypes, environments
and their interaction to the variations of grain yield, yield components and grain
quality characteristics. Ten genotypes obtained from SUA and Kilombero
Agricultural Training and Research Institute (KATRIN) were used in the
experiments which were laid down in a Randomized Complete Block Design
(RCBD) with thiee replications. The plot size was 4m x2m in which the plants were
spaced at 20cm x 20cm. Data collected included the agronomic and grain quality
characteristics, which were subjected to the analysis of variance, Correlation, Path
coefficient and Stability analyses. The analysis of variance revealed that there were
significant variations in the genotypes tested for most of the traits tested. Although
there was significant genotype x environment interactions for most of the traits
tested, early maturing lines SSD1, SSD3 and SSD5 performed better in all three
environments. However, the late maturing genotypes performed better under
supplementary irrigation at TAC. The results from correlation and path coefficient
analyses revealed that the number of panicles/plant and percent spikelet fertility
could be important characters that influence grain yield. Since these two characters
also showed high heritability estimates, they could be used as indirect selection
criteria for grain yield during early generations of rice breeding. Similarly for grain
quality, estimates of heritability and genetic advance were high for gel consistency.
From the results of this study, it can be provisionally concluded that early maturing
genotypes may be grown in all three ecosystems in Morogoro region, while the late
maturing genotypes are suitable in irrigated conditions or under rainfed with
supplemental irrigation. Based on the overall performance and grain quality analysis,
lines SSD1, SSD3 and SSD5 can be recommended fbr further evaluation in farmers
fields.
Description
Dissertation
Keywords
Lumemo - rainfied lowland, Solar radiation, Rice ecosystems