Variation in phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of various organs of African cabbage (Cleome gynandra L.) accessions at different growth stages
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Date
2021-12-06
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MDPI
Abstract
The presence of nutritional and health-benefiting compounds has increased awareness of
orphan leafy vegetables such as Cleome gynandra (CG), whose phytochemicals vary among accessions
and organs during growth. This study investigated the polyphenol accumulation and antioxidant
activities (AOA) of eight CG accessions from the vegetative stage to the seed set stage. Plants were
separated into leaves and stem (LS), flowers, and silique organs, and extracts were analyzed for
total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), rutin and astragalin content, and AOA
using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and 2,2 0 -azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-
sulphonic acid) (ABTS). There were significant interaction effects of growth stages and accessions that
contributed to changes in compounds content and AOA. TPC accumulated in plant generative parts,
whereas flavonoids accumulated in young plant organs. HPLC profiling revealed that rutin was
the most abundant compound in all organs, with flowers having the highest levels, while astragalin
was only found in flowers. Silique extracts, particularly accession KF-14, recorded the highest TPC,
which corresponded to the strongest radical scavenging activity in ABTS and DPPH assays and
a strong linear correlation. The germplasm contained accessions with significantly different and
varying levels of bioactive compounds and AOA. These findings potentiate the exploitation of CG
organs such as siliques for AOA, flowers for rutin and astragalin, and young shoots for flavonoids.
Moreover, the significant accumulation of the compounds in particular accessions of the germplasms
suggest that such superior accessions may be useful candidates in genetic breeding programs to
improve CG vegetable.
Description
Journal article
Keywords
Orphan leafy vegetable, Bioactive compounds, Rutin, African cabbage, Radical scavenging
Citation
Maina, S.; Ryu, D.H.; Bakari, G.; Misinzo, G.; Nho, C.W.; Kim, H.-Y. Variation in Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Various Organs of African Cabbage (Cleome gynandra L.) Accessions at Different Growth Stages. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 1952. https://doi.org/10.3390/ antiox10121952