Evaluation of different common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) landraces for biological nitrogen fixation traits and yield
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Date
2014
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Publisher
Sokoine University of Agriculture
Abstract
Bean production in Tanzania barely meets half of the domestic demand because of
low yield attributed to low fertility, Nitrogen being the most common deficient.
While use of rhizobia inoculants can substantially increase bean yields, less than 1%
of the farming population is aware of inoculants. The objectives of this study were,
to isolate and evaluate indigenous rhizobia population from nine bean landraces, to
test their efficacy compared to commercial rhizobia inoculants in relation to
nodulation and yield of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). Four experiments were
conducted during 2011/12 in a screen house at SUA. Two experiment consisted
Leonard jar and the other two were pot experiments in which the soil used were
either sterilized or unsterilized. The landraces collected were Kasuka Nywele,
Msafiri and Manjano from Mbeya, Nyayo, Soya and Kachumbaa from Arusha and
Kabungu, Nyamungu and Karanga from Morogoro. Two sets of Leonard jars were
arranged in completely randomized block design replicated three times and the other
two pot experiments were arranged in split split plot design. Inoculants in pot
experiments used were Nitro-SUA, Underwood Biostacked as commercial and
Native. Landrace were the main plot, soil sterilization as a sub plot and inoculants as
sub sub plot replicated three times. Data were subjected to analysis of variance using
GENSTAT soft ware. Significance differences in N2 fixation were observed among
all landraces in all experiments, landraces which showed more promise included
Nyayo, Nyamungu, Msafiri and Kabungu. Results also indicate that native rhizobia
had comparable symbiotic effectiveness to commercial inoculants in unsterilized
soils and vice versa in sterilized soils conditions though soil sterilization was not significant. This study recommend further studies to be conducted in field for
landraces which were promising to nodulation to explore more of their effectiveness.
Description
A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in crop science
Keywords
Common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris l., Landraces, Biological nitrogen, Fixation traits, Yield, Bean production