Causes and management of land conflicts in Tanzania: a case of farmers versus pastoralists
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Date
2016
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uongozi Journal of Management and Development Dy namics
Abstract
Land conflicts are on the increase in many parts of Tanzania.
Though the same existed even in the planned economy era 1961 to
1985, there has been an escalation of thesame since Tanzania opted
for the.free market economy in the mid-1980s. While land corif!.icts
are experienced by all walk<; of life and people engaged in different
economic activities, those between farmers and pastoralists have
been more dread.fit! leading to loss of life and property in many
instances. The aim of this paper is twofold: firstly, to examine
the factors that have contributed to the causes and persistence
of .farmer-pastoralist conflicts in Tanzania; and secondly, to
examine the strategies that have been applied in managing
.farmer-pastoralist conflicts. The paper contains a review that is
organised into three .fundamental sections. After introduction,
Section Two discusses the literature that analyses the conflict by
drawing on the social, historical and economic causes. In Section
Three, the papeiĀ· introduces some of the key framework<; used
within the peace and conflict literature, particularly in reference
to the dffering notions of conflict management, conflict resolution
and conflict transformation that could be applied in solving or
managing conflicts between .farmers and pastoralists in Tanzania
for the good of both groups. The paper makes two conclusions:
firstl y, the farmer-pastoralist conflict tends to be best explained through
an interpretive lens that sees many processes impacting
on the highlighted issue. Whilefarmer-pastoralist corifl.i cts have
been produced by social, historical, economic and discursive
factors; the former three factors have dominated most of the
analysis within the literature . Secondly, there is no single solution
for managing the conflicts. However, to effectively manage the
conflicts communities need to adopt a multidimensional approach
that takes into account a range of the contributing factors .
Description
Research article
Keywords
Farmers, Pastoralists, Land conflict, Conflict management