Effects of introduction of pastoralism on wildlife conservation and livelihoods: the case of Kilimani and Utete West Villages, Rufiji District

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dc.contributor.authorRusengula, Francis
dc.date.accessioned2025-02-06T09:55:44Z
dc.date.available2025-02-06T09:55:44Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.descriptionA dissertation submitted on partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in wildlife management
dc.description.abstractRecently, pastoralism has been introduced to Rufiji District. On one hand, the arrival of pastoralists to some places has been a blessing. On the other hand, it has brought conflicts between local communities and pastoralists. This study identified emerging conflicts, assessed existing potential effects of pastoralism on wildlife habitats and determined the effects of pastoralism on local livelihoods. Two villages were randomly selected for data collection, using a checklist and structured questionnaires administered to 149 respondents. Eight transects of 2 x 2 km, 5 quadrants of 1.5 x 1.5 m2 were established fot recording plant species richness, abundance and diversity. Descriptive statistics was also used to generate frequencies and percentages, Shannon index determined species diversity while non-parametric (Mann-Whitney) tested their differences. The rank order of the causes of conflicts were conflicts between farmers and pastoralists (81.2 %); pastoralists and wildlife (49.2%); pastoralists of different ethnic groups (42 %), and farmers and wildlife (22.3%). Livestock depredation ranked the highest cause of conflict between pastoralists and wildlife (88.8 %) while crop damage by livestock was the highest cause of conflict between farmers and pastoralist (96%). A total of 32 plant species were identified. Highly desirable species were significantly higher (p = 0.02) in livestock ungrazed areas while less desirable and undesirable species were most abundant in livestock grazed areas. Shannon index was relatively higher in grazed (3.812) than ungrazed (3.055). Increased household income through trade (80%), local government revenues through tax (10%) and availability of livestock products (10%) were positive effects of pastoralism to livelihood while crop damage by livestock resulting in food insecurity to farmers was the major negative effect. Generally, the introduction of pastoralism had more negative effects on wildlife conservation and some positive effects on local peoples’ livelihoods. Land use plan should be developed to balance different uses causing conflicts in the District.
dc.description.sponsorshipThe Belgium Technical Cooperation (BTC)
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.suaire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/6534
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSokoine University of Agriculture
dc.subjectPastoralism
dc.subjectWildlife conservation
dc.subjectLivelihoods
dc.subjectKilimani Village
dc.subjectUtete West Village
dc.subjectRufiji District
dc.titleEffects of introduction of pastoralism on wildlife conservation and livelihoods: the case of Kilimani and Utete West Villages, Rufiji District
dc.typeThesis

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