Elemental composition and sources of atmospheric particulate matter in Dar es salaam, Tanzania

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dc.contributor.authorMkoma, S. L
dc.contributor.authorTungaraza, C
dc.contributor.authorMaenhaut, W
dc.contributor.authorRaes, N
dc.date.accessioned2023-07-31T10:30:18Z
dc.date.available2023-07-31T10:30:18Z
dc.date.issued2010
dc.descriptionJournal Articleen_US
dc.description.abstractAn intensive aerosol field campaign was carried out from 16 August to 16 September 2005 (dry season) at a kerbside in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A Gent PM 10 stacked filter unit sampler with coarse and fine Nuclepore polycarbonate filters, providing fine (0.4 μm) and coarse (8 μm) size fractions, was deployed. A total of 64 parallel collections were made. All samples were analysed for the PM mass by weighing. A further analysis was performed for 25 elements by particle-induced x-ray emission spectrometry. The PM 10 mass, as derived from the 3 stacked filter unit samples, was, on average, 58 μg/m . The concentrations of the heavy metals were lower than those for the elements of crustal origin. Nevertheless, some typical anthropogenic metals, such as Zn and Pb, exhibited much higher median PM 10 levels, suggesting strong local sources for these elements in Dar es Salaam. The results also showed very strong day/night differences for the crustal elements (Al, Si, Ca, Ti and Fe). Most elements exhibit strong correlations in the coarse size fraction and somewhat weaker ones in the fine size fraction suggesting that they may originate predominantly from the same source. Principal component analysis with VARIMAX rotation was applied to the data set. Five and four components were identified for the fine and coarse fractions and explained 86.5% and 90.8% of the variance in the data set respectively.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://www.suaire.sua.ac.tz/handle/123456789/5501
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherEthiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Managementen_US
dc.subjectPIXEen_US
dc.subjectAtmospheric Aerosolsen_US
dc.subjectElementsen_US
dc.subjectSize Fractionsen_US
dc.subjectPCAen_US
dc.subjectKerbsideen_US
dc.titleElemental composition and sources of atmospheric particulate matter in Dar es salaam, Tanzaniaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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