Structural elucidation and toxicity evaluation of bioactive compounds from the leaves and stem woods of synadenium glaucescens pax.
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Date
2022-07
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research
Abstract
The leaves and stem woods of Synadenium glaucescens Pax. are traditionally used for treatment of
various human diseases in Tanzania. However, there is limited information on the structural elucidation
and toxicity properties of bioactive compounds responsible for their pharmacological properties. Thus,
this study was aimed to elucidate and evaluate toxicity properties of bioactive compounds from these
parts. Separation of bioactive compounds was achieved by using column chromatographic method,
whereas their structures were determined by GC-MS and NMR data and by comparing with literature
spectroscopic data. Toxicity properties of isolated compounds was done by brine shrimp lethality
test (BSLT) method. In this study, column chromatographic separation led to isolation of tetracosane
(1), hexadecyl palmitate (2), octacosane (3), tetracosanol (4) and β-sitosterol (5) from the leaves and
1-hexacosene (6), campesterol (7), octadecanoic acid (8) and tetracosanoic acid (9) from the stem woods.
BSLT of compounds isolated in sufficient amount (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7) were revealed to be non-toxic to
brine shrimp larvae (LC 50 >100 μg/ml). Except compound 5, this study reports the isolation of other
eight (8) compounds for the first time from this plant. Therefore, it can be reasonably concluded that S.
glaucescens is a good source of bioactive compounds which justify its traditional uses in treatment of
various ailments. Additionally, observed non-toxic effect of the tested compounds indicates safety and
it is expected that its traditional use has no toxicity effect.
Description
Original article
Keywords
Synadenium glaucescens Pax, Bioactive compounds, Elucidation, Toxicity