The effect of soil erosion on soil productivity under different management practices
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Date
1996
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Publisher
Sokoine University of Agriculture
Abstract
A study was conducted at Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania, to evaluate the effect of erosion soil on soil productivity different under management practices using 10mx5m runoff plots with a 4 percent slope. (BF) ,permanent cropping(RO ,coarse mesh The treatments consisted of bare grass fine (GP) , flat mesh (FM) ,cropping medium fallow(CP) ,mesh ridge(MM) ,
and (CM). The CP and RC were planted with maize with a population density of 41 600 plants/ha. The FM, MM,and CM were simulated canopy covers with net shading rates of 80, 55, and 40 percent, respectively, stretched 40 cm above the surface.Runoff generated during every rainstorm was collected for determining amount of runoff, soil and nutrient losses from each treatment. Soil samples from the runoff plots taken at the beginning (initial) study were analyzed for and end (final)
changes properties. Amount of nutrient loss and eroded sediments were in soil of the chemical in the runoff water determined. Grain yield and biomass were determined for the cultivated treatments.
Runoff ranged from 143.9 m3/ha in the GP to 2398 m3/ha in the BF. The runoff from the BF, significantly different from all (p<0.05) other treatments. Soil GP, CP, and CM were amongst themselves and loss was between 0.09 Mg/ha in the GP and 12.49 Mg/ha in the CP. There was no significant difference in soil loss between the BF and CP treatments but they differed significantly from all other treatments.Organic carbon showed a significant decrease in the final soil samples in the BF, GP, RC, and FM treatments, while TN decreased significantly (P<0.05)in the CP,RC,and phosphorus CM treatments.Likewise, available was significantly lower in the final soil samples in the GP, CP, and FM. Surprisingly, both Na*and CEC were significantly higher in the final soil sample in some of the treatments. The BF and CP treatments lost significantly (P<0.05) more OM, nitrogen, and Ca2+ than all other treatments. The loss in AVP, K+, and significantly different Mg2+
the from (P<0.05) BF and CP were amongst themselves and from all other treatments.There was no significant difference in maize grain yield and biomass between the CP and RC. However, grain
yield and biomass were higher in the RC treatment. Based on the results of this study, it has been shown that increasing canopy cover reduces nutrient losses. In addition, the runoff, ridges soil,were able and to effectively check soil erosion.
Description
Dissertation
Keywords
Soil erosion, Vegetation, Soil productivity