Department of Agricultural Extension and Community Development

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Browsing Department of Agricultural Extension and Community Development by Subject "Adaptation"

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    Adaptation strategies to climate variability and change and its limitations to smallholder farmers. a literature search
    (Asian Economic and Social Societ, 2015) Phillipo, F.; Bushesha, M.; Mvena, Z. S. K.
    In sub-Saharan Africa, knowledge on adaptation strategies to climate variability and change are scattered and fragmented due to lack of standpoints adaptation framework. This paper intends to analyse differences in adaptation strategies across agro-ecological zones, and finding out factors dictating adaptation to climate variability and change to smallholder farmers. The paper is based on documentary review methodology in which journals and books on adaptation were used as the main sources of information. The collected information were analysed by using content analysis. This paper found that smallholder farmers use a variety of practices to adapt to climate variability and change. These practices include: crop management, livestock management, diversification of livelihood strategies and land use management. Availability of extension services, climate change information and membership to social networks were among the factors identified dictating smallholder farmers adaptation to climate variability and change. The paper recommends to the Government of sub-Saharan Africa and development partners to come up with adaptation framework that takes into consideration differences in geographical location. They are needed also to provide enabling conditions to smallholder farmers through strengthening farmers’ supportive services to enhance their adaptive capacities.
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    Adaptation strategies to climate variability and change and its limitations to smallholder farmers. A literature search
    (Asian Economic and Social Society, 2015) Phillipo, F.; Bushesha, M.; Mvena, Z. S. K.
    In sub-Saharan Africa, knowledge on adaptation strategies to climate variability and change are scattered and fragmented due to lack of standpoints adaptation framework. This paper intends to analyse differences in adaptation strategies across agro-ecological zones, and finding out factors dictating adaptation to climate variability and change to smallholder farmers. The paper is based on documentary review methodology in which journals and books on adaptation were used as the main sources of information. The collected information were analysed by using content analysis. This paper found that smallholder farmers use a variety of practices to adapt to climate variability and change. These practices include: crop management, livestock management, diversification of livelihood strategies and land use management. Availability of extension services, climate change information and membership to social networks were among the factors identified dictating smallholder farmers adaptation to climate variability and change. The paper recommends to the Government of sub-Saharan Africa and development partners to come up with adaptation framework that takes into consideration differences in geographical location. They are needed also to provide enabling conditions to smallholder farmers through strengthening farmers’ supportive services to enhance their adaptive capacities.
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    Beyond adoption/rejection of agricultural innovations: Empirical evidence from smallholder rice farmers in Tanzania
    (SAGE, 2006) Mwaseba, D.L.; Kaarhus, R.; Johnsen, F. H.; Mvena, Z. S. K.; Mattee, A. Z.
    This study seeks to explore the adoption of rice research-based innovations in rural Tanzania. Apart from the age and level of education of the head of household, which had an influence on the adoption of herbicide in both study areas, the influence of other variables on the adoption of fertilizer and transplanting varied between the study areas. Moreover, the study shows that adoption of the selected innovations is context-dependent. In Tanzania, rice farming is characterized by the predominance of traditional rice varieties. Farmers grow these varieties for household consumption or income, or both, under crop management practices that are well attuned to the available resources. The observed discontinuation and adaptation of innovations make sense, given the production circumstances in which the farmers operate. The findings of the study raise issues with research implications for improved rice production in the study areas.
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    An exploration of the factors that determine the gendered adaptation to climate variability in Kilosa District, Tanzania
    (2021) Zakayo, Rachel; Madaha, Rasel M.; Mahonge, Christophe P.; Bryant, Christopher R.;
    Adaptation is reflected as a suitable response to climate variability, particularly for smallholder farmers. Yet, adaptation by women and men farmers may be influenced by different factors that are not well understood. That is, there is a gender dimension to the choice of an adaptation strategy to climate variability. The study employed a qualitative research design to explore the factors that determine the adaptation to climate variability by women and men. The study findings indicate that climate variability adaptation of men and women depends on farm size, access to credit, financial resources, access to information, and access to extension services and training. However, the factors vary significantly between women and women. Although women predominate in the provision of agriculture labour force, men dominate the decision making in allocating labour as well choosing what crop to grow and sell.