Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences Collection

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://10.10.97.169:4000/handle/123456789/40

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Browsing Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences Collection by Subject "Food security"

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    Food security situation among people living with HIV/AIDS in Morogoro municipality
    (Sokoine University of Agriculture, 2007) SOLOMON,TUVANA TAPITA
    A study to assess food security situation among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Morogoro Municipality was conducted using two non governmental organizations (NGO) that are dealing with such people, namely Faraja Trust Fund (FTF) and “Wanaoishi na Virusi vya UKIMW1 Morogoro (WAVUMO). The objectives of the study were to identify constraints and copping strategics by PLWHA in obtaining their daily meals, characterize the available nutritional guidelines for PLWHA. The awareness about linkages between nutrition and HIV was assessed, identification of organizations dealing with PLWHA in the area and characterize their activities. A cross sectional research design was adopted where purposive sampling method was used to obtain 90 PLWHA and 30 caregivers from the two NGOs. Interviews using structured questionnaires and focus group discussions were used to collect data. Key informants from various stakeholders were interviewed. The data were processed and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer program. Results indicated that, source of food for respondents contributed to constraints for PLWHA to obtain enough/nutritious foods. Majority of respondents (58.3%) depended on markets/shops for their food and failed to meet their daily meal requirements. This was mainly due to reduction in ability to produce (60.7%) and earn income (82.6%). Among the copping strategies for inadequate food adopted by PLWHA, skipping some meals ranked high (41.1%). Nine nutritional guidelines were available in Tanzania but none among them was easily accessed by PLWHA, caregivers even organizations dealing with PLWHA in the study. Six organizations dealing with PLWHA in Morogoro Municipality wereiii identified but only two provided food aids and one financial credits. It was concluded that most of PLWHA face food deficit contributed by not only unavailability and accessibility, but also lack of nutritional knowledge. It is recommended that governmental and NGOs should make nutritional guidelines available to PLWHA and caregivers together with providing capacity building supports which arc long term solutions compared to food relief.
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    Livelihood strategies and household food security of vegetable street vendors in Morogoro town, Tanzania
    (SUA, 2019) Sagaya, A
    The study attempts to examine the livelihood strategies and household food security of vegetable street vendors in Morogoro town, Tanzania. Specifically, the study sought to: (1) To document the nature of the institutional environment in which vegetable street vending business is taking place, (2) To identify the type and extent of livelihood assets owned by individuals working as vegetable street vendors, (3) To measure household food security and dietary diversity of vegetable street vendors and (4) To identify strategies employed by vegetable street vendors to cope with food shortage. A cross sectional study design with mixed methods of sampling was employed whereby data were collected from a total of 234 respondents between February and May, 2018. The study used both quantitative and qualitative data. Semi structured questionnaire, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were used to obtain the data. Descriptive, inferential, and content analysis methods were used for data analysis. The results showed that respondents own various livelihood assets categorized as human, natural, physical, social and financial capitals. On the other hand, the prevalence of household food insecurity was high (55.5%) among respondents and most of them consumed between 5-9 different food groups (moderate 50.5%) diverse diet. Several factors were identified to influence household food security. These include land size (p<0.000), type of ownership of land (p<0.005), house ownership (p<0.019), motorcycles ownership (p<0.005), bicycles ownership (p<0.005), relative distance to selling point (p<0.011), membership in community Organisation (p<0.000) and type of social Organisation (p<0.035). Others were access to credit (p<0.003), receiving remittances (p<0.000) and training received (p<0.014). Using binary regression model it was found that ownership of the house (p<0.038), membership of community Organisation (p<0.032), and type of transport used (p<0.000) were determinant of food security. It was noted that respondents employ a number of coping strategies during food shortages, which include selling labour, borrowing from relatives, diet change and getting support from relatives were common in the study area. The study concludes that food insecurity is still a problem in the study respondents. It is recommended that LGAs and NGOs support the sector through provision of training on business skills or entrepreneur, low interest credits, formulation of favourable policies to support vegetable vendors and empowering them by forming an association.