Exposure to salinity and light spectra regulates glucosinolates, phenolics, and antioxidant capacity of brassica carinata L. microgreens
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Date
2021-07-26
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MDPI
Abstract
The effect of salt treatment on Brassica carinata (BC) microgreens grown under different
light wavelengths on glucosinolates (GLs) and phenolic compounds were evaluated. Quantifiable
GLs were identified using ultra-high performance-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry.
Extracts’ ability to activate antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT))
was evaluated on human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT116). Furthermore, BC compounds’ ability
to activate expression of nuclear transcription factor-erythroid 2 related factor (Nrf2) and heme-
oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins was examined using specific antibodies on HCT116 cells. Sinigrin
(SIN) was the abundant GLs of the six compounds identified and its content together with total
aliphatic GLs increased in saline conditions. Fluorescent (FL) and blue plus red (B1R1) lights were
identified as stable cultivation conditions for microgreens, promoting biomass and glucobrassicin
contents, whereas other identified individual and total indole GLs behaved differently in saline
and non-saline environments. Blue light-emitting diodes and FL light in saline treatments mostly
enhanced SIN, phenolics and antioxidant activities. The increased SOD and CAT activities render the
BC microgreens suitable for lowering oxidative stress. Additionally, activation of Nrf2, and HO-1
protein expression by the GLs rich extracts, demonstrate their potential to treat and prevent oxidative
stress and inflammatory disorders. Therefore, effective salt treatments and light exposure to BC
microgreens present an opportunity for targeted regulation of growth and accumulation of bioactive
metabolites.
Description
Journal article
Keywords
Brassicaceae, Bioactive compounds, Reactive oxygen species (ROS), Oxidative stress, Antioxidant enzymes, Antioxidant proteins, Light wavelength
Citation
Maina, S.; Ryu, D.H.; Cho, J.Y.; Jung, D.S.; Park, J.-E.; Nho, C.W.; Bakari, G.; Misinzo, G.; Jung, J.H.; Yang, S.-H.; et al. Exposure to Salinity and Light Spectra Regulates Glucosinolates, Phenolics, and Antioxidant Capacity of Brassica carinata L. Microgreens. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 1183. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/antiox10081183